#WrestleIstanbul

U17 Worlds: Iran returns to top despite Japan's best show

By Gaurav Bhatt

ISTANBUL (August 6) -- Iran is finally back where it belongs. After two successive non-podium finishes in Freestyle at U17 World Championships, the country bounced back in style and clinched the team title with 156 points, a decisive 30-point lead over second-place United States.

Impressive performances led Iran to claim a total of six medals, distributed as two golds, two silvers, and two bronzes. Their non-medalist wrestlers too played a crucial role, with two wrestlers finishing fifth (earning 10 points each) and two others finishing seventh (gathering 8 points each).

The U.S. also won six medals -- 3 golds and 3 bronzes -- and took second place with 126 points. Their tally took a hit as the team failed to score any points in three weight categories (51kg, 60kg, and 110kg).

Japan took third at 106 points with two gold medals and one silver. Five other wrestlers added 36 points to help Japan finish on the podium.

The final day of the tournament in Istanbul began with Ahora KHATERI (IRI) defeating Gor BUNIATYAN (ARM) in the 45kg category to fetch Iran its second gold of the competition. 

It was followed by Japan's Yamato OGAWA (JPN) beating ROHIT (IND) to become the nation's first U17 world champion in freestyle since 2017 before Akito MAEHARA (JPN) made it double. The 60kg competitor defeated Sajad PIRDAYEH (IRI) in the first instance of Japan winning multiple gold medals in Freestyle at the U17 Worlds.

Khateri, the reigning Asian champion, remains in a league of his own. In Kyrgyzstan, he prevailed with 33 points, giving up no points. He continued where he left off, dominating his way to the world title in Istanbul.

On Sunday, Buniatyan was no match for the crafty Khateri, who secured a leg lace and rolled the Armenian out of bounds to open the scoring. The Iranian showed good timing, taking a 6-0 lead into the break and waiting for his moment in the second period. Khateri secured wrist control, ducked under and grabbed the waistlock to score again.

Akita MAEHARA (JPN)Akita MAEHARA (JPN) pulled off a hard-fought 4-1 win against Sajad PIRDAYEH (IRI) in the 60kg final. (Photo: UWW / Kadir Caliskan)

Iran's hopes of winning the second gold on Sunday, however, were dashed by Maehara. Trailing 1-1 on criteria, the Japanese won a scramble and scored with 10 seconds on the clock to secure a 4-1 victory.

The bout started with both competitors opting for caution before the U17 Asian Championships silver medalist Pirdayeh was put on the shot clock. Maehara took the lead into the break but was later penalized for passivity in the second period. Desperate, he got the underhooks in place and pushed Pirdayeh toward the zone. Pirdayeh dropped on his knees to avoid a stepout but Maehara circled and scored a go-behind.

Iran challenged the call asking for a stepout since Maehara had gone out but on review, it was clear that Maehara had initiated the move inside and stayed on the mat, despite both knees going out, to finish the move. The lost challenge made the score 4-1.

Yamato OGAWA (JPN)Yamato OGAWA (JPN) survived a scare against ROHIT (IND) before winning the 51kg gold 9-8. (Photo: UWW / Kadir Caliskan)

Earlier, Ogawa ended Japan's six-year wait for gold at the U17 level with a tight finish against Asian silver medalist Rohit. 

Ogawa's run to gold featured wins over continental heavyweights as the Japanese beat U17 European silver medalist Sasha PETROSYAN (ARM) 7-1, U17 Pan-Am silver medalist Yandel MORALES (PUR) 10-0, and Asian bronze medalist Amirmohammad NAVAZI (IRI) 4-1. 

It was a bout of two halves on Sunday. A slow start saw Rohit give up a point for passivity. The Indian started the second period with intent but paid the price for haste. Ogawa turned a missed takedown attempt into a shoot of his own, launching a double-leg for four. Rohit got two points as well but Ogawa added a leg-lace to lead 7-2. Ogawa won another counter to make it 9-2. 

With a late rally, Rohit pushed Ogawa out of bounds along with a point for fleeing to make it 9-4. He added four points for a takedown and roll in the final three seconds but the clock expired as he was turning Ogawa for the second time. Ogawa secured the gold medal at 9-8.

Ladrion LOCKETT (USA)Ladrion LOCKETT (USA) celebrates after becoming the 71kg U17 world champion. (Photo: UWW / Kadir Caliskan)

Golden Lockett

Ladarion LOCKETT (USA) won the match-up against Seyedabolfazl HOSSEINI (IRI) to win the 71kg gold. The American — who hadn't surrendered a point in the competition so far, amassing 38 points — finally gave up one in the 4-1 win over the Iranian. 

The Oklahoma native has spoken about the state's signature wrestling style before.

“Oklahoma State is always known for elbows, duckunders and things like that," Lockett had told Ocolly.com. "I wanted to have an Oklahoma State style."

That style helped him run roughshod throughout the event. A highlight was his performance in the semifinal against 2021 U17 Asian silver medalist NARENDER (IND). The technical fall win saw Lockett get a spin behind takedown and a trapped arm gut wrench, turning the Indian to finish the bout in the first period.

But on Sunday, after he was put on the shot clock, Lockett had to adapt to the reigning U17 Asian champion's game.

"I think scoring in the first 30 seconds, opening a guy up is really difficult," Lockett said. "But once you can break them and make them tired, it's all fun and games from there."

In the second period, Lockett drove into Hosseini to secure a clutch takedown to pick up a 2-1 lead. After that, it was back to Oklahoma style as the American spun behind Hosseini to pick up two more points, eventually securing the triumph.

"I wrestle a lot when I'm tired," he said. "The training camp of months upon months. Hard work and dedication. He was super tired. I knew he was going to be like that. He did that a lot in the other matches, taking a long time to get to the center, and taking breaks. I knew if I push him hard and make him keep wrestling, he will gas out."

Lockett was buoyed by compatriots Paul KENNY (USA) and Marcus BLAZE's (USA) gold medal wins on Saturday -- "Getting to feel the belt, win the belt," he grinned — and now has one of his own. However, he already has a new target in place. 

"2032 Olympic champion, 86kilos baby!"

Sandro KURASHVILI (GEO)Sandro KURASHVILI (GEO), blue, scored a technical superiority win over Eyyup CENTIN (TUR) in the 92kg final. (Photo: UWW / Kadir Caliskan)

At 92kg, Sandro KURASHVILI (GEO) silenced the home crowd with a superiority win over Eyyup CETIN (TUR) to take the gold. The two met in the U17 European Championships final as well. Cetin will at least be relieved that he did not get pinned like in Tirana.

The final in Istanbul began with Cetin being warned for passivity. He went for a single-leg but Kurashvili pulled off a stunning move by throwing him over for four points. Kurashvili scored a stepout at the stroke of the break to lead 6-0.

 Perhaps feeling the pressure of a loud home crowd, Centin attempted a loose double-leg attack and Kurashvili threw him off for another four points, claiming the world title 10-0.

 

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RESULTS

45kg
GOLD: Ahora KHATERI (IRI) df. Gor BUNIATYAN (ARM), 11-0

BRONZE: Ignacio VILLASENOR (USA) df. Agashirin AGASHERINOV (AIN), 3-2
BRONZE: Ebubekir GUR (TUR) df. Nurmukhamed TURDALY (KAZ), via fall (4-0)

51kg
GOLD: Yamato OGAWA (JPN) df. ROHIT (IND), 9-8

BRONZE: Usman INDIRBAEV (AIN) df. Sadraddin HASANOV (AZE), via fall (10-2)
BRONZE: Sasha PETROSYAN (ARM) df. Amirmohammad NAVAZI (IRI), 2-1

60kg
GOLD: Akito MAEHARA (JPN) df. Sajad PIRDAYEH (IRI), 4-1

BRONZE: Iasin BERSANUKAEV (AIN) df. Zandanbat BATSAIKHAN (MGL), 7-5
BRONZE: Jamal ABBASOV (AZE) df. Yandro SOTO (PUR), 6-0

71kg
GOLD: Ladarion LOCKETT (USA) df. Seyedabolfazl HOSSEINI (IRI), 4-1

BRONZE:  Islam KAZHAROV (AIN) df. Alp BEGENJOV (TKM), 5-1
BRONZE: Nurdaulet SEILBEKOV (KAZ) df. NARENDER (IND), 1-1

92kg
GOLD: Sandro KURASHVILI (GEO) df. Eyyup CETIN (TUR), 11-0

BRONZE: Toohid NOORY (IRI) df. Genki HOKI (JPN), 12-2
BRONZE: Samir DURSUNOV (KAZ) df. VINAY (IND), 12-1

#WrestleIstanbul

Wrestling's 2022-'23 Ranking Series explainer

By Vinay Siwach

ISTANBUL, Turkey (February 18) -- United World Wrestling has updated the point allocations for the '22 Ranking Series events, starting with next week's #WrestleIstanbul Yasar Dogu.

The top eight wrestlers who acquire the most points from the four Ranking Series events and the Continental Championships will earn a seed for September's World Championships, which will be held in Belgrade, Serbia. As of now, wrestlers who competed, and subsequently earned points from the Tokyo Olympic Games and Oslo World Championships, fill out the top-20 in the rankings heading into Istanbul.

Updated Ranking Series Point Distribution:
1st - 8000
2nd - 6400
3rd - 5200
5th - 4000
7th - 3520
8th - 3200
9th - 2800
10th - 2480
11th - 800
12th - 100
13th - 75
14th - 50
15th - 25
16th - 13

Additionally, the number of points awarded at a competition will also be impacted by the number of wrestlers entered in each bracket. In weight categories with 2-5 competitors, ranking points will be reduced in half and only the top three finishers will be awarded points. In brackets that feature 6-12 participants, no additional points will be added. For weight categories with 13-16 entries, an additional 3000 points will be given. For categories with 16+ wrestlers entered, an additional 5000 will be awarded.

Additional points
1 participant - no ranking or additional points
2-5 participants - ranking points reduced in half and only the first three will be awarded
6-12 participants - no additional points
13-16 participants - 3000 additional points to all wrestlers
16+ participants - 5000 additional points to all wresters

*This article is according to the new point structure which will be displayed on the UWW website after the Yasar Dogu tournament.

Jordan BURROUGHSWorld champion Jordan BURROUGHS (USA) can consolidate his top rank at 79kg in Istanbul. (Photo: UWW / Tony Rotundo)

FS 57kg (18 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 4 Alireza SARLAK (IRI)
No. 8 Horst LEHR (GER)

Alireza SARLAK (IRI) and Horst LEHR (GER) are the two guys who have a shot at making the most noise at 57kg. Currently, Sarlak and Lehr are ranked fourth and eighth, respectively, and both can break into the top three with medal-winning performances in Turkey.

Sarlak heads into the Yasar Dogu with 37000 points from his silver-medal finish in Oslo. A gold medal in Istanbul would give him 8000 points. As the bracket sits, there are more than 16 wrestlers entered, which means he'll get an additional 5000 points.

A total of 13000 points would give Sarlak 50000 points, which is more than the current third-place wrestler, Ravi KUMAR (IND) [41400]. 

Lehr is in a similar situation, but he'll need to win the competition to move above Sarlak and Kumar. If he wins, he'll jump from 31000 to 44000 points.

65kg (28 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 2 Zagir SHAKHIEV (RWF)
No. 3 Tulga TUMUR OCHIR (MGL)

It'll be a two-way battle at 65kg.

World champion and No. 2 Zagir SHAKHIEV (RWF) can overthrow top-ranked Olympic champion Takuto OTOGURO (JPN) with at least a 10th place finish. Currently, the Russian has 45000 points, and with a 10th-place finish, Shakhiev will get 7480 points, bringing his overall total to 58000 points. That'd be enough to overtake Otoguro, who has 51000. 

Third-ranked Tulga TUMUR OCHIR (MGL) is at 44500 points and can grab the top-ranking with a 10th-place finish. That will take his tally to 51980 points, while gold will take him to 57500 points.

FS 70kg (21 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 2 Ernazar AKMATALIEV (KGZ)
No. 3 Zurabi IAKOBISHVILI (GEO)

Similar to 65kg, the current second and third-placed 70kg wrestlers can be the top movers. World silver medalist Ernazar AKMATALIEV (KGZ) is ranked second with 37000 points. He can fly past top-ranked Magomedmurad GADZHIEV (POL), who has 45000 points.

A gold medal will take Akmataliev to 50000 points, while silver would be good for 48400. The lowest he can finish and still reach the top spot is 8th. That will give him 8200 points.

Zurabi IAKOBISHVILI (GEO), who is also entered, sits third with 31000 points. He can move up to the second rank with a tournament win, as that will take him to 44000 points.

FS 79kg (24 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 1 Jordan BURROUGHS (USA)

Top-ranked world champion Jordan BURROUGHS (USA) can cement his place further with a medal-winning performance in Istanbul. Burroughs enters the Yasar Dogu with 45000 points. He can add 13000 points for gold, 11400 points for silver and 10200 points for bronze.

FS 86kg (22 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 7 Azamat DAULETBEKOV (KAZ)

David TAYLOR (USA), Hassan YAZDANI (IRI) and Artur NAIFANOV (RWF) have taken an enormous lead at the top from the rest of the field at 86kg. Since the three are not entered, Azamat DAULETBEKOV (KAZ) can be the biggest mover if he wins the gold in Istanbul.

The Kazak wrestler is currently in the seventh spot with 25000 points, and a medal in Istanbul can move him to the fourth spot.

FS 97kg (17 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 9 Mahamed ZAKARIIEV (UKR)

Mahamed ZAKARIIEV (UKR) can break into the top-three at 97kg if he can finish ninth or above. He currently has 31000 points and a ninth-place finish would take him past Suleyman KARADENIZ (TUR), who has 38500 points.

Batzul ULZIISAIKHAN (MGL), placed 11th with 25000 points, can jump up to fifth in the rankings with a gold medal. That'd put him at 38000 points.

Rafiq HUSEYNOVWorld champion Rafiq HUSEYNOV (AZE), left, and Burhan AKBUDAK (TUR) are number one and two at 82kg. (Photo: UWW / Kadir Caliskan)

GR 63kg (12 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 6 Taleh MAMMADOV (AZE)

Taleh MAMMADOV (AZE) is currently ranked sixth at 63kg with 25000 points. He can jump up to the third spot with a gold or silver medal in Istanbul.

Since there are only 12 wrestlers are entered at 63kg, no entry points will be awarded.

Mammadov will get 8000 points for winning gold and 6400 points for silver. Both would be good enough to take him past both third-placed Lenur TEMIROV (UKR) and fourth-placed Kensuke SHIMIZU (JPN). They both have 31000 points.

GR 72kg (14 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 3 Kristupas SLEIVA (LTU)
No. 6 Cengiz ARSLAN (TUR)

Kristupas SLEIVA (LTU) and Cengiz ARSLAN (TUR) could be the biggest movers at this weight. Sleiva has 31000 points and is currently ranked third. A gold-medal finish will give him 11000 points [14 participants] and take him to 42000. He'd move ahead of current second-ranked Sergei KUTUZOV (RWF) who has 37000 points. Even if he finishes as low as eighth, the Lithuanian will be ahead of Kutuzov.

Arslan has 25000 points but could jump three spots to third place. A gold-medal finish would take him to 36000 points. That'd move him ahead of Sleiva who needs at least a 10th place finish to remain ahead of Arslan. The Turkish wrestler will be guaranteed fourth if he can finish eighth or above.

GR 77kg (13 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 5 Sanan SULEYMANOV (AZE)

World silver medalist Sanan SULEYMANOV (AZE) is currently ranked fifth with 37000 points. He can break into top-three with a medal finish. A bronze would take him past third-placed world champ Roman VLASOV (RWF) who has 45000 points.

GR 82kg (8 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 1 Rafig HUSEYNOV (AZE)
​​​​​​No. 2 Burhan AKBUDAK (TUR)

Rafig HUSEYNOV (AZE) and Burhan AKBUDAK (TUR) met in the finals at the World Championships and are ranked first and second, respectively. The two are expected to consolidate their ranks in Istanbul. Huseynov has 45000 points, while Akbudak has 37000 points. Akbudak cannot jump above Huseynov even with a gold medal.

GR 87kg (13 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 1 Zurabi DATUNASHVILI (SRB)
No. 7 Arkadiusz KULYNYCZ (POL)

World champion Zurabi DATUNASHVILI (SRB) sits atop the 87kg pile with 79200 points. A win would bring his point total to 90200.

Arkadiusz KULYNYCZ (POL) is currently ranked seventh (31000 points) but has a shot at breaking into the top three. He needs to win gold, as that would take his tally to 42000 points, 800 points more than Viktor LORINCZ (HUN).

GR 97kg (21 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 4 G'Angelo HANCOCK (USA)
No. 6 Tadeusz MICHALIK (POL)

Tadeusz MICHALIK (POL) has a good chance to be in the top four if he can pull out a gold-medal win at the Yasar Dogu. He's currently ranked sixth with 34200 points, but he could jump to fourth with 13000 points. That will raise his tally to 47200 points.

G'Angelo HANCOCK (USA) also has 47200 points and is ranked fourth. To break the tie, the rank at the Olympics will be the trumping factor. In this scenario, Michalik would prevail over Hancock as he won bronze in Tokyo, while the USA wrestler finished seventh.

GR 130kg (14 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 7 Riza KAYAALP (TUR)

Greco-Roman star and former world champion Riza KAYAALP (TUR) can reach the fourth spot from his current seventh place with a gold-medal finish at his home turf. He has 34200 points, and the addition of an 11000-point gold medal will give him 45200 points. That'd place him 200 points ahead of the current fourth placer, Aliakbar YOUSOFI (IRI).

Bolortuya BAT OCHIR (MGL)Bolortuya BAT OCHIR (MGL) can well be the top-ranked wrestler at 53kg. (Photo: UWW / Martin Gabor)

WW 50kg (25 participants)

Who can be big movers:

No. 5 Miglena SELISHKA (BUL)
No. 7 Otgonjargal DOLGORJAV (MGL)
No. 8 Nadezhda SOKOLOVA (RUS)
No. 11 Alina VUC (ROU)

The top three positions at 50kg will remain unchanged, but there are four wrestlers who have a chance to break into the fourth spot of the rankings with a gold medal finish. Miglena SELISHKA (BUL) [31700 points], Otgonjargal DOLGORJAV (MGL) [31000 points] and Nadezhda SOKOLOVA (RUS) [31000 points] can replace SUN Yanan (CHN) [41400 points] with a silver-medal finish.

Depending on how the aforementioned trio of wrestlers finish, Alina VUC (ROU) could move up to fourth. She has 29600 points and is ninth in the rankings.

WW 53kg (20 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 4 Iulia LEORDA (MDA)
No. 6 Bolortuya BAT OCHIR (MGL)
No. 9 Katarzyna KRAWCZYK (POL)

Olympic bronze medalist and currently third-ranked Bolortuya BAT OCHIR (MGL) can topple Mayu MUKAIDA (JPN) from the top spot if she can finish eighth or better in the 20-wrestler bracket. As of now, she has 43200 points. In any case, she will replace Akari FUJINAMI (JPN), who has 45000 points.

World silver medalist Iulia LEORDA (MDA) can improve from sixth to second if she wins the gold. But that's a long shot, as Bat Ochir would have to finish outside the top-10. Leorda currently has 37000 points.

Katarzyna KRAWCZYK (POL) [31000 points] can also make a significant jump in rankings -- from ninth to fourth. She has to win a gold medal and hope that Leorda fails to finish in the top-10.

WW 55kg (15 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 3 Oleksandra KHOMENETS (UKR)

Third-ranked Oleksandra KHOMENETS (UKR) can replace Nina HEMMER (GER) with a strong showing in Turkey. Khomenets has 29000 points and an eighth-place or better finish will take her past Hemmer's 35000 points.

WW 57kg (22 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:
No. 2 Evelina NIKOLOVA (BUL)
No. 4 Iryna KURACHKINA (BLR)

Olympic bronze medalist Evelina NIKOLOVA (BUL) will consolidate her second position in the ranking. She has 51200 points, but cannot move past Helen MAROULIS (USA) [79200 points] even if she wins a gold medal.

Tokyo silver medalist Iryna KURACHKINA (BLR) is currently fifth with 41400 points. She can jump up to the third spot if she finishes with a medal in Istanbul.

WW 59kg (18 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 3 Sarita MOR (IND)

World bronze medalist Sarita MOR (IND) is ranked third with 31000 points. She needs to finish in the top-10 in Istanbul to overtake Akie HANAI (JPN) for the second spot. She, however, won't be able to replace Bilyana DUDOVA (BUL) from the top even if she finishes with gold.

WW 62kg (29 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 1 Aisuluu TYNYBEKOVA (KGZ)

World champ Aisuluu TYNYBEKOVA'S (KGZ) top ranking will remain untouched. She already has 86400 points but is looking to add to that total in Istanbul.

Taybe YUSEIN (BUL), who has 34200 points, can jump to third place from fifth if she manages to at least reach a medal bout at the Yasar Dogu.

Lais NUNES DE OLIVEIRA (BRA) is ranked eighth-ranked with 29600 points. However, a  fourth rank is realistic if she wins the gold and hope that Yusein fails to finish in top-seven.

WW 65kg (19 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 3 Forrest MOLINARI (USA

Forrest MOLINARI (USA) has a chance to be second-ranked at 65kg if she finishes in the top 10 wrestlers of the weight class. The world bronze medalist currently has 31000 points and can overtake Miwa MORIKAWA (JPN). Top-ranked Irina RINGACI (MDA) won't be affected.

WW 68kg (15 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 2 Meerim ZHUMANAZAROVA (KGZ)
No. 3 Blessing OBORUDUDU (NGR)

Meerim ZHUMANAZAROVA (KGZ) is all set to be the top-ranked wrestler at 68kg. All she has to do is step on the mat in Istanbul. Currently, she's ranked second with 77200 points. The defending world champion will overtake Olympic champion Tamyra MENSAH STOCK (USA), who has 80000 points.

Olympic silver medalist Blessing OBORUDUDU (NGR) is ranked third with 56400 points and can only reduce the gap to the top. A gold medal will take her to 67400 points.

WW 72kg (11 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 2 Zhamila BAKBERGENOVA (KAZ)
No. 3 Anna SCHELL (GER)
No. 4 Buse CAVUSOGLU TOSUN (TUR)

Zhamila BAKBERGENOVA (KAZ) is ranked number two with 35000 points. If she wins the gold, she will be awarded 8000 points, which would tie her with top-ranked Masako FURUICHI (JPN). As Furuichi finished with gold at the World Championships and Bakbergenova had silver, the Kazak wrestler will remain at the second spot.

World bronze medalist Anna SCHELL (GER) and Buse CAVUSOGLU TOSUN (TUR) both have 29000 points each. If they reach the final and Bakbergenova finishes outside the top-10, the gold winner will take the second spot and the silver medalist will be third.

But in most likelihood, it will be a battle of third-place between Schell and Cavusoglu Tosun.

WW 76kg (22 participants)

Who can improve their ranking the most?:

No. 3 Epp MAEE (EST)
No. 4 Aiperi MEDET KYZY (KGZ)
No. 5 Samar HAMZA (EGY)

A fact: no wrestler will be able to displace Adeline GRAY (USA) from the top spot in Istanbul.

Aiperi MEDET KYZY (KGZ) [54000 points] and Epp MAEE (EST) [52000 points] will battle it out for the second spot at the Yasar Dogu tournament. If Maee reaches the final, Medet Kyzy needs to win at least the bronze medal to retain her second place.

If Maee manages a bronze, the Kyrgyz wrestler needs to finish eighth or above. Maee, a world silver medalist, will not be able to overtake Medet Kyzy if she finishes below the ninth spot. For that, Medet Kyzy needs to be 11th or lower.

World bronze medalist Samar HAMZA (EGY) has 43300 points and can overtake Olympic champion Aline FOCKEN (GER) for the fourth spot if she can finish ninth or above. She, however, cannot go better than fourth even if she wins gold in Istanbul.